Bioactive Hydroxyapatite Whisker Composite Ceramic Bone Substitutes

Hydroxyapatite (HA)-based porous ceramic constructs having mechanical properties similar to human bone are being developed. The model bone substitute is 1) osteogenic, 2) osteoinductive and 3) osteoconductive. The ideal bone substitute should also be readily available and have similar mechanical properties to native bone. While HA is not osteogenic or osteoinductive, it is osteoconductive. However, poor mechanical properties have prevented HA, or any other bioceramic, from receiving acceptance as a bone substitute. HA-based ceramics are being fabricated using a modified foaming technique and the strength assessed. Osteogenic and osteoinductive properties will be added by seeding the scaffold with osteoblasts. Such tissue engineered constructs will be the first viable synthetic alternative to currently available graft materials for repair of damaged and lost bone tissue. This research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation under grant DMR-0074439.

Ceramic Membrane Water Filtration Combined with Ozonation

In this research, we are developing a novel ozone and catalytic membrane filtration laboratory scale drinking water treatment system to meet USA-EPA Stage 2 D/DBP regulatory requirements. The work is focused on optimizing the system for catalyst coated performance of membranes to control the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as total trihalomethanes and haloacetic acid. Ozonation by-products (OBPs), including aldehydes, ketones and ketoacids, are monitored and their concentrations are found to decrease with the application of ozone and iron oxide coated membrane filtration, as compared to that observed with either ozonation or uncoated ozonation/membrane filtration. A 5 kD MWCO membrane, coated with 40 layers of iron oxide and sintered at 900°C, combined with ozonation (gaseous ozone concentration of 2.5 g/m3) produced permeate water that met the EPA regulatory requirements for TTHMs and HAAs set under Stage 2 D/DBPs Rule and is effective in reducing the concentrations of ozonation by-products formed.

Colloidal Interfaces between Biomaterials and Biological Tissue

Surface properties and how they govern cell adhesion is combined with colloidal assessment of the interfaces between bone and common biomaterials such as alumina, hydroxyapatite, bioglasses, titanium alloys, stainless steels, nickel cobalt alloys, etc. To date, the materials making contact with bone in the total hip and total knee implants have been assessed for their ability to attract mineralized bone. The colloidal properties of differing compositions of Bioglass, a bioactive bioceramic, are also being measured and compared to their ability to create a strong bone/biomaterial interface.

Reviewed Journal Publications

Smith, I. O.; Baumann, M. J.; Case, E. D. "Induced Microcracking Affects Osteoblast Attachment on Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering," American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2, 105-110, (2006).

Smith, I. O.; Ren, F.; Baumann, M. J.; Case, E. D. "CLSM as a tool for imaging cancellous and cortical bone," Journal of Biomedical Materials Research B. 79B(1), 185 - 192, (2006).

Case, E.D.; Smith, I.O.; Baumann, M.J. "Microcracking and Porosity in Calcium Phosphates and the Implications for Bone Tissue Engineering," Mat Sci Eng A 390(1-2), 246-254, (2005).

Hossain, M.; Irwin, R.; Baumann, M.J.; McCabe, L.R. "Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) adsorption kinetics and enhancement of osteoblast differentiation on hydroxyapatite surfaces," Biomaterials 26(15), 2595-2602 (2005).

Xie, J.; Baumann, M.J.; McCabe, L.R. "Adsorption of serum fetuin to hydroxylapatite does not contribute to osteoblast phenotype modifications," J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 73A(1), 39-47 (2005).

Karnik, B.S.; Davies, S.H.; Chen, K.C.; Jaglowski, D.R.; Baumann, M.J.; Masten, S.J. "Effects of ozonation and pH on the permeate flux of nanocrystalline ceramic membranes," Water Res. 39(4), 728-734 (2005).

Karnik, B.S.; Davies, S.H.; Baumann, M.J.; Masten, S.J. "The effects of combined ozonation and filtration on disinfection by-product formation," accepted to J. Water Res., April 2005.

Smith, I. O.; Baumann, M. J.; Case, E. D. "Three-Dimensional Microstructural Characterization of Porous Hydroxyapatite Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)," International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2[3], 200 - 211, (2005).

Karnik, B.S.; Davies, S.H.; Baumann, M.J.; Masten, S.J. "Fabrication of Catalytic Membranes for the Treatment of Drinking Water using combined Ozonation Nanofiltration," submitted to Environ. Sci. Tech., February 2005

Meganck, J.A.; Baumann, M.J.; Case, E.D.; McCabe, L.R.; Allar, J.N. "Biaxial Flexure Testing of Dense Tissue-Engineered Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics," Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 72A(1), 115-126, (2005).

Case, E.D.; Smith, I.O.; Baumann, M.J. "Microcracking and porosity in calcium phosphates and the implications for bone tissue engineering," Materials Science and Engineering A 390[1-2], 246-254, (2005).

Meganck, J.A.; Baumann, M.J.; Case, E.D.; McCabe, L.R.; Allar, J.N. "Biaxial Flexure Testing of Dense Tissue-Engineered Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics," J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 72A(1), 115-126, (2004).

Xie, J.; Baumann, M.J.; McCabe, L.R. "Osteoblasts Respond to Hydroxyapatite Surfaces with Immediate Changes in Gene Expression," J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 71A(1) 108-117, (2004).

Smith, I.O.; Baumann, M.J.; McCabe, L.R. "Electrostatic Interactions as a Predictor for Osteoblast Attachment to Biomaterials," J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 70A(3), 436-441, (2004).

Smith, I.O.; Baumann, M.J.; Obadia, L.; Bouler, J-M "Surface Potential and Osteoblast Attraction to Calcium Phosphate Compounds is Effected by Selected Alkaline Hydrolysis Processing," J Mat Sci: Mater Med 15(8): 841-846, (2004).

Baldwin, R.G.; Baumann, M.J. "Options for change: A flexible vehicle for curriculum evolution and reform," accepted for publication in Innovative Higher Education, October 2004.

Shu, R.; McMullen, R.; Baumann, M.J.; McCabe, L.R. "Hydroxyapatite accelerates differentiation and suppresses growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts," J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 67A(4), 1196-1204, (2003).

Liu, B.L.; McGrath, J.J.;; McCabe, L.R.; Baumann, M.J. "Response Of Murine Osteoblasts And Porous Hydroxyapatite (HA) Scaffolds To Two-Step, Slow Freezing And Vitrification Processes," Cell Preservation Technology 1(1), 33-44 (2002).

Sneary, P.; Yeh, Z.; Crimp(Baumann), M.J."Effect of Whisker Aspect Ratio on the Density and Fracture Toughness of Silicon Carbide Whisker Reinforced Silicon Nitride," J. Mater. Sci. 36(10), 2529-2534 (2001).

Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Oppermann, D.A.; Krehbiel, K. "Suspension Properties of Hexagonal BN Powders: Effect of pH and Oxygen Content," J. Mater. Sci. 34, 2621-2625 (1999).

Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Oppermann, D.A.; Bement, D. "In Vitro Stability Predictions for the Bone/Hydroxyapatite Composite System," J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 42, 3, 412-416 (1998).

Halpern, A.A.; Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Grande, D. "The Use of Magnetically Tagged Chondrocytes for Repair of Cartilage Defects," Trans. Ortho. Res. Soc., 22, 541 (1997).

Crimp(Baumann), M.J. "A Novel Approach to IMC Processing," Mat. Sci. and Eng., A192/193, 633-639 (1995).

Books, Chapters, Monographs

Vdovychenko, O.; Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Kempel, L.C. ; Vereshchaka, V. "Effect of nanoparticles consolidation on ultrasonic velocity - porosity relationship in sintered alumina," in Nanostructured Materials and Coatings for Biomedical and Sensor Applications, p.27 (2002).

Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Oppermann, D.A.; Doctor, U. "In Vitro Stability Predictions for the Bone/Bioglass and Bone/HA Interactions," American Ceramic Society, Bioceramics: Materials and Applications III, p. 1-13, 2000.

Conference Proceedings

Baumann, M. J.; Case, E. D. "Pores Needed for Biological Function Could Paradoxically Boost Fracture Energy in Bioceramic Bone Tissue Scaffolds," accepted for publication, Ceramic Transactions.

Griffin, M.A.; Smith, I.O.; Baumann, M.J. "Comparison Between Primary and Clonal Osteoblast Cells for In Vitro Attachment Studies for Bone Tissue Engineering," Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 164; Bioceramics: Materials and Applications V (2004).

Smith, I.O.; Soto, M.K.; Baumann, M.J.; McCabe, L.R. "In vitro stability predictions of osteoblast interaction with hydroxyapatite and b-tricalcium phosphate," Ceramic Transactions, Vol 147; Bioceramics: Materials and Applications IV, 123, (2003).

Baumann, M.J.; Fisher, P.D.; Baldwin, R.G.; Tyson, V.K. "Enhancing Bioengineering Opportunities for Engineering Majors," 33rd Annual Mtg. ASEE/Frontiers in Education (2003).

Tyson, V.K.; Baumann, M.J.; Baldwin, R.G.; Fisher, P.D. "Enhancing bioengineering opportunities for engineering majors, 33rd ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education," p S3A1-S3A6 (2003).

Vdovychenko, O.; Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Kempel, L.; Nyquist, D.; Rothwell, E. "The dielectric properties of alumina/polypropylene materials," Int. Conf. CERAM-2001 "Advanced ceramics for third millennium", Kiev, p.240, 2001.

Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Zhang, M. "Effects of Ethanol and Polyelectrolyte on the Processing of SiCw/Al2O3," SME Technical Paper, EM01-313 (2001).

Other Works

Masten, S.J.; Davies, S.H.R.; Baumann, M.J.; Karnik, B. "Ceramic Membrane Water Filtration," Patent Application MSU 4.1-723, ID04-138F, submitted December 9, 2004.

Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Wilson, B.A.; Suydam,C.J.; Crimp, M.A. "Method of Preparing a Suspension of Particles and Related Methods," U.S. Patent # 5,545,428, granted August 13, 1996.

Crimp(Baumann), M.J.; Dawson, D.; Briggs, A. "Reinforced Ceramics," British Patent # 2,214,178B (1989).